Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm photodegradation thiab biodegradation?

Photodegradation thiab biodegradation yog ob txoj kev degradation sib txawv uas sib txawv hauv lawv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua, ib puag ncig, thiab thaj chaw ntawm daim ntawv thov. Nov yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ob qho tib si raws li cov txiaj ntsig tshawb fawb:

1. Mechanism ntawm kev ua:

Photodegradation: Feem ntau yog vim qhov kev ua ntawm lub teeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog irradiation ntawm ultraviolet rays, uas ua rau photooxidation ntawm polymer cov ntaub ntawv, thiab ces qhia photosensitive functional pawg rau hauv cov khoom saw, ua rau cov saw tawg, thiab nws thiaj li ua rau lub decomposition ntawm cov khoom. cov khoom. Photodegradable plastics muab faib ua copolymer hom thiab additive hom, lub qub yog synthesized los ntawm copolymer, thiab tom kawg yog npaj los ntawm kev ntxiv photosensitizer rau cov yas substrate.

Biodegradation: yog hais txog cov txheej txheem uas cov ntaub ntawv tau maj mam decomposed mus rau hauv me me molecules los ntawm kev ua ntawm cov kab mob nyob rau hauv cov kab mob nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam lom lom, thiab thaum kawg hloov mus rau hauv tej yam tsis zoo xws li dej thiab carbon dioxide. Cov khoom siv biodegradable muaj xws li biodegradable hlau, bioceramics thiab polymer cov ntaub ntawv.

2. Ib puag ncig tej yam kev mob:

Photodegradation feem ntau yuav tsum muaj lub teeb pom kev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ultraviolet lub teeb, thiab nws tshwm sim tsuas yog nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov av los yog nyob rau hauv lub teeb.

Biodegradation, ntawm qhov tod tes, cia siab rau qhov muaj cov kab mob microorganisms thiab tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv av, compost lossis hauv ib qho chaw lom neeg tshwj xeeb, yam tsis tas yuav tsum muaj lub teeb.

3. Daim ntawv thov:

Cov ntaub ntawv Photodegradable feem ntau yog siv los txo cov pa phem ib puag ncig ntawm cov yas, piv txwv li los ntawm kev ntxiv cov duab hluav taws xob los txhawb cov decomposition ntawm plastics.

Cov ntaub ntawv biodegradable yog siv dav hauv kev kho mob, xws li phais phais, tshuaj tswj kev tso tawm, thiab lwm yam, nrog rau hauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, xws li cov hnab yas degradable.

4. Cov khoom degradation:

Cov khoom kawg ntawm photodegradation tseem yuav yog ib qho me me molecule uas tsis degradable thiab tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau ib puag ncig.

Cov khoom kawg ntawm biodegradation feem ntau tsis muaj teeb meem thiab tuaj yeem nqus tau los ntawm ib puag ncig ntuj lossis hloov mus rau lwm yam khoom tsis zoo.

5. Degradation efficiency:

Lub efficiency ntawm photodegradation yog cuam tshuam los ntawm tej yam xws li lub teeb siv, photosensitivity ntawm cov khoom, thiab lwm yam.

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm biodegradation yog cuam tshuam los ntawm yam xws li microbial hom, ambient kub, av noo, thiab lwm yam.

6. Txuj thiab Specifications:

Raws li tam sim no GB / T 20197-2006 tus qauv, txawm hais tias photodegradable plastics thiab thermal-oxygen degradable plastics ua raws li lub teb chaws tus qauv, lawv yuav raug tshem tawm los ntawm tus qauv kho dua tshiab, vim tias lawv tsuas yog ua rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov yas, thiab cov txheej txheem degradation tuaj yeem tsim microplastics, uas ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau ib puag ncig.

Tus qauv siv rau biodegradable plastics yog GB / T 38082-2019, uas yuav tsum tau hais tias tus nqi biodegradation yuav tsum ncav cuag tus qauv, thiab nws yuav tsum xeem dhau ecotoxicology kuaj.

Hauv cov ntsiab lus, photodegradation thiab biodegradation muaj qhov sib txawv hauv cov txheej txheem degradation, cov xwm txheej, kev siv thiab cov teebmeem.